PostgreSQL物理备份恢复之 pg_rman的用法说明

tar zxvf pg_rman*.tar.gz
chown postgres.postgres -R pg_rman*
su - postgres
cd xxx/pg_rman*
make && make install 

[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log]$tail -3 /postgresql/pgsql/data/postgresql.conf 
#for pg_Rman
archive_mode = on # enables archiving; off, on, or always
archive_command = 'test ! -f /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/%f && cp %p /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/%f'

pg_ctl restart -m fast

pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups

pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups

[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim ~/.bash_profile 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$source !$
source ~/.bash_profile
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# select * from test;
 id |     crt_time     
----+----------------------------
 1 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407616
 2 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407728
 3 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407731
 4 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407732
 5 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407732
 6 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407733
 7 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407733
 8 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407734
 9 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407734
 10 | 2020-11-17 23:23:31.407735
(10 rows)
test=# insert into test (id) select n from generate_series(11,20) n;
INSERT 0 10
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:30:25" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:30:25" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show 
ERROR: required parameter not specified: BACKUP_PATH (-B, --backup-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:30:25 2020-11-17 23:30:27 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# insert into test (id) select n from generate_series(21,30) n;
INSERT 0 10
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=incremental -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:31:08" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:31:08" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:31:08 2020-11-17 23:31:10 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:30:25 2020-11-17 23:30:27 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# drop table test;
DROP TABLE
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:32:09.637 EST [58824] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:32:09.643 EST [58824] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:32:09.643 EST [58824] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:32:09.688 EST [58824] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:32:09.688 EST [58824] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:32:09.688 EST [58824] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# insert into test (id ) select n from generate_series(21,30) n;
ERROR: relation "test" does not exist
LINE 1: insert into test (id ) select n from generate_series(21,30) ...
          ^
test=# insert into test (id ) select n from generate_series(21,30) n;
ERROR: relation "test" does not exist
LINE 1: insert into test (id ) select n from generate_series(21,30) ...
          ^
test=# \d test
Did not find any relation named "test".
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$repmgr cluster show
 ID | Name   | Role  | Status    | Upstream  | Location | Priority | Timeline | Connection string                     
----+----------+---------+---------------+------------+----------+----------+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------
 1 | node_206 | primary | * running   |      | default | 100   | 6    | host=node_206 user=repmgr dbname=repmgr connect_timeout=2
 2 | node_205 | standby | "node_205" (ID: 2)
 - node "node_205" (ID: 2) is registered as an active standby but is unreachable
HINT: execute with --verbose option to see connection error messages
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:31:08 2020-11-17 23:31:10 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:30:25 2020-11-17 23:30:27 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --restore-target-time='2020-11-17 23:30:25'
pg_rman: unrecognized option '--restore-target-time=2020-11-17 23:30:25'
ERROR: option is not specified
HINT: Try "pg_rman --help" for more information.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:30:25'
ERROR: PostgreSQL server is running
HINT: Please stop PostgreSQL server before executing restore.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:30:25'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:30:25'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 10:34:02.558 EST [58862] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 10:34:02.558 EST [58862] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 10:34:02.559 EST [58862] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:34:02.559 EST [58862] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:34:02.559 EST [58862] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:34:02.559 EST [58862] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:34:02.565 EST [58862] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:34:02.565 EST [58862] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:34:02.608 EST [58862] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:34:02.608 EST [58862] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:34:02.608 EST [58862] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:31:08 2020-11-17 23:31:10 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:30:25 2020-11-17 23:30:27 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:30:25'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:34:22.842 EST [58881] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:34:22.846 EST [58881] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:34:22.846 EST [58881] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:34:22.888 EST [58881] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:34:22.888 EST [58881] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:34:22.888 EST [58881] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:34:26" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:34:26" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:34:26 2020-11-17 23:34:28 FULL  114MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:31:08 2020-11-17 23:31:10 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:30:25 2020-11-17 23:30:27 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
Did not find any relations.
test=# create table test(id int); 
CREATE TABLE
test=# drop table test(id int);
ERROR: syntax error at or near "("
LINE 1: drop table test(id int);
            ^
test=# 
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
Did not find any relations.
test=# create table test(id int); 
CREATE TABLE
test=# drop table test(id int);
ERROR: syntax error at or near "("
LINE 1: drop table test(id int);
            ^
test=# 
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
Did not find any relations.
test=# create table test(id int); 
CREATE TABLE
test=# drop table test(id int);
ERROR: syntax error at or near "("
LINE 1: drop table test(id int);
            ^
test=# 
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 10:36:41.191 EST [58933] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 10:36:41.191 EST [58933] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 10:36:41.192 EST [58933] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:36:41.192 EST [58933] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:36:41.192 EST [58933] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:36:41.192 EST [58933] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:36:41.197 EST [58933] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:36:41.197 EST [58933] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:36:41.229 EST [58933] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:36:41.229 EST [58933] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:36:41.229 EST [58933] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 17 23:30 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:36 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$tail -3  $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
#for pg_Rman
archive_mode = on # enables archiving; off, on, or always
archive_command = 'test ! -f /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/%f && cp %p /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/%f'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 10:45:13.636 EST [59035] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 10:45:13.636 EST [59035] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 10:45:13.638 EST [59035] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:45:13.638 EST [59035] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:45:13.638 EST [59035] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:45:13.638 EST [59035] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:45:13.644 EST [59035] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:45:13.644 EST [59035] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:45:13.696 EST [59035] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:45:13.696 EST [59035] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:45:13.696 EST [59035] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:45 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:45 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 23:36 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
    List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type | Owner  
--------+------+-------+----------
 public | test | table | postgres
(1 row)
test=# drop table test
test-# ;
DROP TABLE
test=# create table test(id int, crt_time timestamp);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test(id) select n from generate_series(1,100) n;
INSERT 0 100
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:46:22" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:46:22" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# select * from test;
 id | crt_time 
-----+----------
  1 | 
  2 | 
  3 | 
  4 | 
  5 | 
  6 | 
  7 | 
  8 | 
  9 | 
 10 | 
 11 | 
 12 | 
 13 | 
 14 | 
 15 | 
 16 | 
 17 | 
 18 | 
 19 | 
 20 | 
 21 | 
 22 | 
 23 | 
 24 | 
 25 | 
 26 | 
 27 | 
 28 | 
 29 | 
 30 | 
 31 | 
 32 | 
 33 | 
 34 | 
 35 | 
 36 | 
 37 | 
 38 | 
 39 | 
 40 | 
 41 | 
 42 | 
 43 | 
 44 | 
 45 | 
 46 | 
 47 | 
 48 | 
 49 | 
 50 | 
 51 | 
 52 | 
 53 | 
 54 | 
 55 | 
 56 | 
 57 | 
 58 | 
 59 | 
 60 | 
 61 | 
 62 | 
 63 | 
 64 | 
 65 | 
 66 | 
 67 | 
 68 | 
 69 | 
 70 | 
 71 | 
 72 | 
 73 | 
 74 | 
 75 | 
 76 | 
 77 | 
 78 | 
 79 | 
 80 | 
 81 | 
 82 | 
 83 | 
 84 | 
 85 | 
 86 | 
 87 | 
 88 | 
 89 | 
 90 | 
 91 | 
 92 | 
 93 | 
 94 | 
 95 | 
 96 | 
 97 | 
 98 | 
 99 | 
 100 | 
(100 rows)
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# 
test=# insert into test (id) select n from generate_series(101,110) n;
INSERT 0 10
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=incremental -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:47:09" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:47:09" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:47:09 2020-11-17 23:47:12 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:46:22 2020-11-17 23:46:24 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test2( like test );
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test2(id) select n from generate_serires(1,100) n;
ERROR: function generate_serires(integer, integer) does not exist
LINE 1: insert into test2(id) select n from generate_serires(1,100) ...
                      ^
HINT: No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.
test=# 
test=# insert into test2(id) select n from generate_series(1,100) n;
INSERT 0 100
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:49:32" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:49:32" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# insert into test(id) select n from generate_series(101,100) n;
INSERT 0 0
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=incremental -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:49:59" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:49:59" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:49:59 2020-11-17 23:50:01 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:49:32 2020-11-17 23:49:35 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:47:09 2020-11-17 23:47:12 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:46:22 2020-11-17 23:46:24 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman delete 2020-11-17 23:47:09 -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
WARNING: cannot delete backup with start time "2020-11-17 23:47:09"
DETAIL: This is the incremental backup necessary for successful recovery.
WARNING: cannot delete backup with start time "2020-11-17 23:46:22"
DETAIL: This is the latest full backup necessary for successful recovery.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:49:59 2020-11-17 23:50:01 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:49:32 2020-11-17 23:49:35 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:47:09 2020-11-17 23:47:12 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:46:22 2020-11-17 23:46:24 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman delete -f 2020-11-17 23:47:09 -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
WARNING: using force option will make some of the remaining backups unusable
DETAIL: Any remaining incremental backups that are older than the oldest available full backup cannot be restored.
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-17 23:47:09"
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-17 23:46:22"
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/
total 8
drwx------. 6 postgres postgres 62 Nov 17 23:49 20201117
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 34 Nov 17 23:45 backup
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 84 Nov 17 23:45 pg_rman.ini
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 40 Nov 17 23:45 system_identifier
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Nov 17 23:45 timeline_history
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/
total 0
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 89 Nov 17 23:50 234622
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 89 Nov 17 23:50 234709
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 133 Nov 17 23:49 234932
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 133 Nov 17 23:50 234959
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/234622/
total 112
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  433 Nov 17 23:50 backup.ini
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  226 Nov 17 23:46 file_arclog.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 99521 Nov 17 23:46 file_database.txt
-rwx------. 1 postgres postgres  764 Nov 17 23:46 mkdirs.sh
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/2347
ls: cannot access pg_rman_backups/20201117/2347: No such file or directory
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/234709/
total 124
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  438 Nov 17 23:50 backup.ini
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  468 Nov 17 23:47 file_arclog.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 113305 Nov 17 23:47 file_database.txt
-rwx------. 1 postgres postgres  764 Nov 17 23:47 mkdirs.sh
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/234932/
total 116
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres  118 Nov 17 23:49 arclog
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  428 Nov 17 23:49 backup.ini
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 23:49 database
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres  708 Nov 17 23:49 file_arclog.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 99583 Nov 17 23:49 file_database.txt
-rwx------. 1 postgres postgres  764 Nov 17 23:49 mkdirs.sh
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres   6 Nov 17 23:49 srvlog
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman purge
ERROR: required parameter not specified: BACKUP_PATH (-B, --backup-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman purge -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-17 23:47:09" is purged
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-17 23:46:22" is purged
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117/234622/
ls: cannot access pg_rman_backups/20201117/234622/: No such file or directory
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/20201117
total 0
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 133 Nov 17 23:49 234932
drwx------. 5 postgres postgres 133 Nov 17 23:50 234959
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:49:59 2020-11-17 23:50:01 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:49:32 2020-11-17 23:49:35 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# drop database test;
DROP DATABASE
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:49:32'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
ERROR: could not connect to database postgres: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
	Is the server running locally and accepting
	connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432""0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:53:41.928 EST [59212] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:53:41.928 EST [59212] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 10:53:41.928 EST [59212] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 10:53:41.929 EST [59212] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 10:53:41.929 EST [59212] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 10:53:41.977 EST [59212] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 10:53:41.977 EST [59212] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 10:53:41.977 EST [59212] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:53:43" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:53:43" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:39 2020-11-17 23:53:39 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-17 23:49:59 2020-11-17 23:50:01 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:49:32 2020-11-17 23:49:35 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql: error: could not connect to server: FATAL: database "test" does not exist
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# create database test;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# create table test2(id int, crt_time timestamp );
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test2(id) select n from generate_series(1,100) n;
INSERT 0 100
test=# 
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:58:53" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:58:53" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:58:53 2020-11-17 23:58:55 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:39 2020-11-17 23:53:39 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-17 23:49:59 2020-11-17 23:50:01 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:49:32 2020-11-17 23:49:35 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman delete -f 2020-11-17 23:53:39 -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
WARNING: using force option will make some of the remaining backups unusable
DETAIL: Any remaining incremental backups that are older than the oldest available full backup cannot be restored.
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-17 23:53:39"
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-17 23:49:59"
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-17 23:49:32"
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman purge -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-17 23:53:39" is purged
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-17 23:49:59" is purged
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-17 23:49:32" is purged
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:58:53 2020-11-17 23:58:55 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
     List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type | Owner  
--------+-------+-------+----------
 public | test2 | table | postgres
(1 row)
test=# \c postgres
You are now connected to database "postgres" as user "postgres".
postgres=# drop database test;
DROP DATABASE
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-17 23:58:53 2020-11-17 23:58:55 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:58:53'
ERROR: PostgreSQL server is running
HINT: Please stop PostgreSQL server before executing restore.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-17 23:58:53'
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of current database cluster as recovery target: 6
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2020-11-17 23:53:43"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2020-11-17 23:53:43" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:53:43" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2020-11-17 23:53:43"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:53:43" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-11-17 23:53:43"
INFO: backup "2020-11-17 23:58:53" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-11-17 23:58:53"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: add recovery related options to postgresql.conf
INFO: generating recovery.signal
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
ERROR: could not connect to database postgres: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
	Is the server running locally and accepting
	connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432""0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:00:30.910 EST [59357] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:00:30.910 EST [59357] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:00:30.910 EST [59357] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:00:30.914 EST [59357] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:00:30.914 EST [59357] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:00:30.965 EST [59357] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:00:30.965 EST [59357] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:00:30.965 EST [59357] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
ERROR: query failed: ERROR: recovery is in progress
HINT: pg_walfile_name_offset() cannot be executed during recovery.
query was: SELECT * from pg_walfile_name_offset(pg_start_backup($1, $2, $3))
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -f data/recovery.signal 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 11:00:51.204 EST [59374] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 11:00:51.204 EST [59374] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 11:00:51.205 EST [59374] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:00:51.205 EST [59374] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:00:51.205 EST [59374] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:00:51.205 EST [59374] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:00:51.210 EST [59374] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:00:51.210 EST [59374] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:00:51.270 EST [59374] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:00:51.270 EST [59374] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:00:51.270 EST [59374] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 00:00:53" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:00:53" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:00:53 2020-11-18 00:00:55 FULL  159MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:00:34 2020-11-18 00:00:34 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-18 00:00:26 2020-11-18 00:00:26 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-17 23:58:53 2020-11-17 23:58:55 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \c test
FATAL: database "test" does not exist
Previous connection kept
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:00:53 2020-11-18 00:00:55 FULL  159MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:00:34 2020-11-18 00:00:34 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-18 00:00:26 2020-11-18 00:00:26 FULL   0B   0 ERROR
2020-11-17 23:58:53 2020-11-17 23:58:55 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-17 23:53:43 2020-11-17 23:53:45 FULL  75MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \c test
FATAL: database "test" does not exist
Previous connection kept
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 11:01:30.816 EST [59423] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 11:01:30.816 EST [59423] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 11:01:30.822 EST [59423] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:01:30.822 EST [59423] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:01:30.822 EST [59423] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:01:30.822 EST [59423] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:01:30.837 EST [59423] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:01:30.837 EST [59423] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:01:30.877 EST [59423] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:01:30.877 EST [59423] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:01:30.877 EST [59423] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 6 postgres postgres 120 Nov 18 00:00 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/* pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll archive_log/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll pg_rman_backups/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll archive_log/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 24
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:01 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 18 00:01 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 11:08:26.228 EST [59464] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 11:08:26.228 EST [59464] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 11:08:26.233 EST [59464] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:08:26.233 EST [59464] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:08:26.233 EST [59464] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:08:26.233 EST [59464] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:08:26.236 EST [59464] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:08:26.236 EST [59464] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:08:26.293 EST [59464] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:08:26.293 EST [59464] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:08:26.293 EST [59464] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# create database test;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# create table test(id int, crt_time timestamp default clock_timestamp());
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test (id) select n from generate_series(1,100) n;
INSERT 0 100
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 00:09:40" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:09:40" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# insert into test (id) select n from generate_series(101,110) n;
INSERT 0 10
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=incremental -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:03 2020-11-18 00:10:05 INCR  33MB   6 DONE
2020-11-18 00:09:40 2020-11-18 00:09:42 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 00:10:03" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:10:03" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:03 2020-11-18 00:10:05 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:09:40 2020-11-18 00:09:42 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test2(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test2 (id) select n from generate_series(1,100) n;
INSERT 0 100
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 DONE
2020-11-18 00:10:03 2020-11-18 00:10:05 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:09:40 2020-11-18 00:09:42 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 00:10:49" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:10:49" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:10:03 2020-11-18 00:10:05 INCR  33MB   6 OK
2020-11-18 00:09:40 2020-11-18 00:09:42 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman delete -f 2020-11-18 00:10:03 
ERROR: required parameter not specified: BACKUP_PATH (-B, --backup-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman delete -f 2020-11-18 00:10:03 -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
WARNING: using force option will make some of the remaining backups unusable
DETAIL: Any remaining incremental backups that are older than the oldest available full backup cannot be restored.
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-18 00:10:03"
INFO: delete the backup with start time: "2020-11-18 00:09:40"
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman purge -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-18 00:10:03" is purged
INFO: DELETED backup "2020-11-18 00:09:40" is purged
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# drop database test;
DROP DATABASE
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/data/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49'
ERROR: required parameter not specified: ARCLOG_PATH (-A, --arclog-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/data/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49' -A /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/
ERROR: required parameter not specified: SRVLOG_PATH (-S, --srvlog-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/data/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49' -A /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/ -S /postgresql/pgsql/pg_log/
ERROR: could not open file "/postgresql/pgsql/data//pg_rman.ini": No such file or directory
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/data/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:00\'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:00'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ 
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of current database cluster as recovery target: 6
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2020-11-18 00:10:49"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 00:10:49" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:10:49" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2020-11-18 00:10:49"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 00:10:49" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-11-18 00:10:49"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: add recovery related options to postgresql.conf
INFO: generating recovery.signal
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -f data/recovery.signal 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 11:14:46.684 EST [59594] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 11:14:46.684 EST [59594] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 11:14:46.689 EST [59594] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:14:46.689 EST [59594] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:14:46.689 EST [59594] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:14:46.689 EST [59594] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:14:46.691 EST [59594] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:14:46.691 EST [59594] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:14:46.732 EST [59594] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:14:46.732 EST [59594] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:14:46.732 EST [59594] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 stopped waiting
pg_ctl: could not start server
Examine the log output.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$touch data/recovery.signal
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 11:15:04.292 EST [59600] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 11:15:04.292 EST [59600] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 11:15:04.293 EST [59600] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:15:04.293 EST [59600] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:15:04.293 EST [59600] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 11:15:04.293 EST [59600] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 11:15:04.296 EST [59600] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 11:15:04.296 EST [59600] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 11:15:04.347 EST [59600] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 11:15:04.347 EST [59600] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 11:15:04.347 EST [59600] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql 
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman 
ERROR: required parameter not specified: BACKUP_PATH (-B, --backup-path)
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman --help
pg_rman manage backup/recovery of PostgreSQL database.
Usage:
 pg_rman OPTION init
 pg_rman OPTION backup
 pg_rman OPTION restore
 pg_rman OPTION show [DATE]
 pg_rman OPTION show detail [DATE]
 pg_rman OPTION validate [DATE]
 pg_rman OPTION delete DATE
 pg_rman OPTION purge
Common Options:
 -D, --pgdata=PATH     location of the database storage area
 -A, --arclog-path=PATH  location of archive WAL storage area
 -S, --srvlog-path=PATH  location of server log storage area
 -B, --backup-path=PATH  location of the backup storage area
 -c, --check        show what would have been done
 -v, --verbose       show what detail messages
 -P, --progress      show progress of processed files
Backup options:
 -b, --backup-mode=MODE  full, incremental, or archive
 -s, --with-serverlog   also backup server log files
 -Z, --compress-data    compress data backup with zlib
 -C, --smooth-checkpoint  do smooth checkpoint before backup
 -F, --full-backup-on-error  switch to full backup mode
                if pg_rman cannot find validate full backup
                on current timeline
   NOTE: this option is only used in --backup-mode=incremental or archive.
 --keep-data-generations=NUM keep NUM generations of full data backup
 --keep-data-days=NUM    keep enough data backup to recover to N days ago
 --keep-arclog-files=NUM  keep NUM of archived WAL
 --keep-arclog-days=DAY  keep archived WAL modified in DAY days
 --keep-srvlog-files=NUM  keep NUM of serverlogs
 --keep-srvlog-days=DAY  keep serverlog modified in DAY days
 --standby-host=HOSTNAME  standby host when taking backup from standby
 --standby-port=PORT    standby port when taking backup from standby
Restore options:
 --recovery-target-time  time stamp up to which recovery will proceed
 --recovery-target-xid   transaction ID up to which recovery will proceed
 --recovery-target-inclusive whether we stop just after the recovery target
 --recovery-target-timeline recovering into a particular timeline
 --hard-copy         copying archivelog not symbolic link
Catalog options:
 -a, --show-all      show deleted backup too
Delete options:
 -f, --force        forcibly delete backup older than given DATE
Connection options:
 -d, --dbname=DBNAME    database to connect
 -h, --host=HOSTNAME    database server host or socket directory
 -p, --port=PORT      database server port
 -U, --username=USERNAME  user name to connect as
 -w, --no-password     never prompt for password
 -W, --password      force password prompt
Generic options:
 -q, --quiet        don't show any INFO or DEBUG messages
 --debug          show DEBUG messages
 --help          show this help, then exit
 --version         output version information, then exit
Read the website for details. <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman>
Report bugs to <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman/issues>.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
Catalog options:
 -a, --show-all      show deleted backup too
Delete options:
 -f, --force        forcibly delete backup older than given DATE
Connection options:
 -d, --dbname=DBNAME    database to connect
 -h, --host=HOSTNAME    database server host or socket directory
 -p, --port=PORT      database server port
 -U, --username=USERNAME  user name to connect as
 -w, --no-password     never prompt for password
 -W, --password      force password prompt
Generic options:
 -q, --quiet        don't show any INFO or DEBUG messages
 --debug          show DEBUG messages
 --help          show this help, then exit
 --version         output version information, then exit
Read the website for details. <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman>
Report bugs to <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman/issues>.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:15 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:15 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 00:09 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
 --version         output version information, then exit
Read the website for details. <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman>
Report bugs to <http://github.com/ossc-db/pg_rman/issues>.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pwd
/postgresql/pgsql
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 00:10:49 2020-11-18 00:10:51 FULL  64MB   6 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:15 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 00:15 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 00:09 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 13:41:36.369 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 13:41:36.369 EST [60239] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:36.377 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 13:41:36.377 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 00:09 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
2020-11-17 13:41:36.369 EST [60239] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:36.371 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:36.377 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 13:41:36.377 EST [60239] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 13:41:36.466 EST [60239] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 18 02:41 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 00:09 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-11-17 13:41:51.227 EST [60254] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-11-17 13:41:51.227 EST [60254] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-11-17 13:41:51.228 EST [60254] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:51.228 EST [60254] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:51.228 EST [60254] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-11-17 13:41:51.228 EST [60254] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-11-17 13:41:51.239 EST [60254] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-11-17 13:41:51.239 EST [60254] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-11-17 13:41:51.372 EST [60254] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-11-17 13:41:51.372 EST [60254] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-11-17 13:41:51.372 EST [60254] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
(4 rows)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$history |grep pg_rman |grep init
 519 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
 538 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
 544 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
 725 ll /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/*init
 926 ll /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/*init
 927 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
 976 pg_rman init -B 
 977 pg_rman init 
 980 pg_rman init 
 981 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
 1029 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
 1102 pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
 1152 history |grep pg_rman |grep init
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# create database test;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# create table test(id int, crt_time timestamp default clock_timestamp());
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test(id) select n from generate_series
test-# (1,1000) n;
INSERT 0 1000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 02:43:17" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 02:43:17" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  64MB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$cd pg_rman_backups/
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$ls
20201118 backup pg_rman.ini system_identifier timeline_history
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$ll
total 8
drwx------. 3 postgres postgres 20 Nov 18 02:43 20201118
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 34 Nov 18 02:42 backup
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 84 Nov 18 02:42 pg_rman.ini
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 40 Nov 18 02:42 system_identifier
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Nov 18 02:42 timeline_history
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$vim *ini
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 02:43:17" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 02:43:17" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  64MB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$cd pg_rman_backups/
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$ls
20201118 backup pg_rman.ini system_identifier timeline_history
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$ll
total 8
drwx------. 3 postgres postgres 20 Nov 18 02:43 20201118
drwx------. 4 postgres postgres 34 Nov 18 02:42 backup
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 84 Nov 18 02:42 pg_rman.ini
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 40 Nov 18 02:42 system_identifier
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres 6 Nov 18 02:42 timeline_history
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$vim *ini
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  64MB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  44MB  33MB  ----  64MB    false   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$psql -U postgres -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# \dt
    List of relations
 Schema | Name | Type | Owner  
--------+------+-------+----------
 public | test | table | postgres
(1 row)
test=# select count(*) from test;
 count 
-------
 1000
(1 row)
test=# insert into test (id ) select n from generate_series(1001, 2000) n ;
INSERT 0 1000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$pg_rman backup -bi -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-11-08 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-09-19 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 02:43:17" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-11-18 02:46:41" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-11-18 02:46:41" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$date
Wed Nov 18 02:48:04 CST 2020
(reverse-i-search)`': ^C
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# select now();
       now       
-------------------------------
 2020-11-18 02:48:18.215429+08
(1 row)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$exit
logout
[root@node_206 ~]# history | grep ntpdate
 467 history | grep ntpdate
[root@node_206 ~]# ntpdate time.ntp.org
Error resolving time.ntp.org: Name or service not known (-2)
18 Nov 02:49:19 ntpdate[60350]: Can't find host time.ntp.org: Name or service not known (-2)
18 Nov 02:49:19 ntpdate[60350]: no servers can be used, exiting
[root@node_206 ~]# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=61.3 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 61.374/61.374/61.374/0.000 ms
[root@node_206 ~]# ntpdate 0.cn.pool.ntp.org
20 Dec 22:36:38 ntpdate[60355]: step time server 5.79.108.34 offset 2836002.583561 sec
[root@node_206 ~]# 
[root@node_206 ~]# date
Sun Dec 20 22:36:40 CST 2020
[root@node_206 ~]# vim /etc/crontab
postgres=# select now();
       now       
-------------------------------
 2020-11-18 02:48:18.215429+08
(1 row)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups]$exit
logout
[root@node_206 ~]# history | grep ntpdate
 467 history | grep ntpdate
[root@node_206 ~]# ntpdate time.ntp.org
Error resolving time.ntp.org: Name or service not known (-2)
18 Nov 02:49:19 ntpdate[60350]: Can't find host time.ntp.org: Name or service not known (-2)
18 Nov 02:49:19 ntpdate[60350]: no servers can be used, exiting
[root@node_206 ~]# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (220.181.38.148) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 220.181.38.148 (220.181.38.148): icmp_seq=1 ttl=50 time=61.3 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
1 packets transmitted, 1 received, 0% packet loss, time 0ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 61.374/61.374/61.374/0.000 ms
[root@node_206 ~]# ntpdate 0.cn.pool.ntp.org
20 Dec 22:36:38 ntpdate[60355]: step time server 5.79.108.34 offset 2836002.583561 sec
[root@node_206 ~]# 
[root@node_206 ~]# date
Sun Dec 20 22:36:40 CST 2020
[root@node_206 ~]# vim /etc/crontab
[root@node_206 ~]# lsd
-bash: lsd: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# 
[root@node_206 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@node_206 ~]# date
Sun Dec 20 22:37:13 CST 2020
[root@node_206 ~]# psql
-bash: psql: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# ip ro show
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 proto static metric 100 
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.206 metric 100 
[root@node_206 ~]# psql
-bash: psql: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# su - postgres
Last login: Tue Nov 17 22:47:52 CST 2020 on pts/1
[postgres@node_206 ~]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 02:46:41 2020-11-18 02:46:43 INCR  59kB  10 OK
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  64MB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 ~]$
[postgres@node_206 ~]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[root@node_206 ~]# ntpdate 0.cn.pool.ntp.org
20 Dec 22:36:38 ntpdate[60355]: step time server 5.79.108.34 offset 2836002.583561 sec
[root@node_206 ~]# 
[root@node_206 ~]# date
Sun Dec 20 22:36:40 CST 2020
[root@node_206 ~]# vim /etc/crontab
[root@node_206 ~]# lsd
-bash: lsd: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# 
[root@node_206 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg
[root@node_206 ~]# date
Sun Dec 20 22:37:13 CST 2020
[root@node_206 ~]# psql
-bash: psql: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# ip ro show
default via 192.168.0.1 dev eth0 proto static metric 100 
192.168.0.0/24 dev eth0 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.0.206 metric 100 
[root@node_206 ~]# psql
-bash: psql: command not found
[root@node_206 ~]# su - postgres
Last login: Tue Nov 17 22:47:52 CST 2020 on pts/1
[postgres@node_206 ~]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-11-18 02:46:41 2020-11-18 02:46:43 INCR  59kB  10 OK
2020-11-18 02:43:17 2020-11-18 02:43:19 FULL  64MB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 ~]$
[postgres@node_206 ~]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 ~]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down....
 done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:37:46.967 EST [60411] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:37:46.967 EST [60411] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:37:46.969 EST [60411] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:37:46.969 EST [60411] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:37:46.969 EST [60411] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:37:46.969 EST [60411] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:37:46.971 EST [60411] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:37:46.971 EST [60411] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:37:47.014 EST [60411] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:37:47.014 EST [60411] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:37:47.014 EST [60411] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 ~]$
[postgres@node_206 ~]$ls
postgres_dba test.dmp
[postgres@node_206 ~]$ll
total 4
drwxrwxr-x. 10 postgres postgres 198 Nov 17 03:00 postgres_dba
-rw-rw-r--. 1 postgres postgres 1275 Nov 17 14:08 test.dmp
[postgres@node_206 ~]$cd /postgresql/p
-bash: cd: /postgresql/p: No such file or directory
[postgres@node_206 ~]$cd /postgresql/pgsql/
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 262 Dec 20 22:37 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 02:45 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/* pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Dec 20 22:37 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Dec 20 22:37 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll backups/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 262 Dec 20 22:37 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Nov 18 02:45 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$rm -rf archive_log/* pg_rman_backups/*
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 28
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Dec 20 22:37 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:37 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Dec 20 22:37 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll backups/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:38:08.353 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:38:08.353 EST [60437] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:38:08.364 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:38:08.364 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim pg_rman_backups/pg_rman.ini 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll backups/
total 0
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim $PGDATA/postgresql.conf
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl restart -m fast
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:38:08.353 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:38:08.353 EST [60437] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:38:08.358 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:38:08.364 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:38:08.364 EST [60437] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:38:08.419 EST [60437] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman init -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
INFO: ARCLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
INFO: SRVLOG_PATH is set to '/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$vim pg_rman_backups/pg_rman.ini 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -Upostgres
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l
                 List of databases
  Name  | Owner  | Encoding |  Collate  |  Ctype  |  Access privileges  
-----------+----------+----------+-------------+-------------+-----------------------
 postgres | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 repmgr  | repmgr  | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
 template0 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 template1 | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | =c/postgres     +
      |     |     |       |       | postgres=CTc/postgres
 test   | postgres | UTF8   | en_US.UTF-8 | en_US.UTF-8 | 
(5 rows)
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# create table test_pg_rman (id int, crt_time timestamp default clock_timestamp());
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test_pg_rman (id) select n from generate_series(1,10000) n;
INSERT 0 10000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:39:35" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$cat pg_rman_backups/*ini
ARCLOG_PATH='/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
SRVLOG_PATH='/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
COMPRESS_DATA = YES
KEEP_ARCLOG_DAYS = 10
KEEP_DATA_GENERATIONS = 3
KEEP_DATA_DAYS = 60
KEEP_SRVLOG_DAYS = 10
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll /postgresql/pgsql/pg_log/
total 288
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 15 17:39 postgresql-2020-11-15_043957.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 15 18:00 postgresql-2020-11-15_050047.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 15 18:08 postgresql-2020-11-15_050800.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres  0 Nov 16 13:00 postgresql-2020-11-16_000000.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 07:32 postgresql-2020-11-16_183244.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 07:33 postgresql-2020-11-16_183333.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 09:22 postgresql-2020-11-16_202244.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 09:26 postgresql-2020-11-16_202616.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 09:32 postgresql-2020-11-16_203210.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres  0 Nov 17 13:00 postgresql-2020-11-17_000000.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 16:49 postgresql-2020-11-17_034947.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:06 postgresql-2020-11-17_040642.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:08 postgresql-2020-11-17_040822.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:09 postgresql-2020-11-17_040929.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:11 postgresql-2020-11-17_041114.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:11 postgresql-2020-11-17_041147.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:13 postgresql-2020-11-17_041342.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:15 postgresql-2020-11-17_041506.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:18 postgresql-2020-11-17_041841.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:20 postgresql-2020-11-17_042040.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 744 Nov 17 17:23 postgresql-2020-11-17_042334.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 17 17:31 postgresql-2020-11-17_043101.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 352 Nov 17 17:46 postgresql-2020-11-17_044648.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 352 Nov 17 17:47 postgresql-2020-11-17_044749.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:48 postgresql-2020-11-17_044854.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:10 postgresql-2020-11-17_051036.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:12 postgresql-2020-11-17_051236.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:29 postgresql-2020-11-17_052955.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1384 Nov 17 18:32 postgresql-2020-11-17_053216.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:25 postgresql-2020-11-17_102510.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:27 postgresql-2020-11-17_102736.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:32 postgresql-2020-11-17_103209.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:34 postgresql-2020-11-17_103402.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:34 postgresql-2020-11-17_103422.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:36 postgresql-2020-11-17_103641.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:45 postgresql-2020-11-17_104513.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:53 postgresql-2020-11-17_105341.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 448 Nov 18 00:00 postgresql-2020-11-17_110030.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 00:00 postgresql-2020-11-17_110051.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 00:01 postgresql-2020-11-17_110130.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 00:08 postgresql-2020-11-17_110826.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 00:14 postgresql-2020-11-17_111446.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 1136 Nov 18 00:15 postgresql-2020-11-17_111504.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 02:41 postgresql-2020-11-17_134136.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 18 02:41 postgresql-2020-11-17_134151.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:28 postgresql-2020-11-17_172801.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:40 postgresql-2020-11-17_174037.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:44 postgresql-2020-11-17_174409.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 560 Nov 17 17:50 postgresql-2020-11-17_175020.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 560 Nov 17 17:52 postgresql-2020-11-17_175256.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 17:58 postgresql-2020-11-17_175847.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 17:59 postgresql-2020-11-17_175928.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:00 postgresql-2020-11-17_180030.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:01 postgresql-2020-11-17_180115.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:04 postgresql-2020-11-17_180404.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:07 postgresql-2020-11-17_180712.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:07 postgresql-2020-11-17_180740.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:11 postgresql-2020-11-17_181126.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 360 Nov 17 18:19 postgresql-2020-11-17_181918.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:24 postgresql-2020-11-17_182446.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:25 postgresql-2020-11-17_182540.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:26 postgresql-2020-11-17_182619.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:27 postgresql-2020-11-17_182733.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:27 postgresql-2020-11-17_182743.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:28 postgresql-2020-11-17_182847.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:29 postgresql-2020-11-17_182916.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:30 postgresql-2020-11-17_183028.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:33 postgresql-2020-11-17_183304.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:34 postgresql-2020-11-17_183413.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 18:34 postgresql-2020-11-17_183450.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:06 postgresql-2020-11-17_230648.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Nov 17 23:20 postgresql-2020-11-17_232015.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Dec 20 22:37 postgresql-2020-12-20_093747.log
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 256 Dec 20 22:38 postgresql-2020-12-20_093808.log
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$cat pg_rman_backups/*ini
ARCLOG_PATH='/postgresql/pgsql/archive_log'
SRVLOG_PATH='/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log'
COMPRESS_DATA = YES
KEEP_ARCLOG_DAYS = 10
KEEP_DATA_GENERATIONS = 3
KEEP_DATA_DAYS = 60
KEEP_SRVLOG_DAYS = 10
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# select count(*) from test_pg_rman ;
 count 
-------
 10000
(1 row)
test=# insert into test_pg_rman (id) select n from generate_series(10001,20000) n;
INSERT 0 10000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup -bi -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:41:40" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR  390kB  10 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -U test
psql: error: could not connect to server: FATAL: role "test" does not exist
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -U postgres -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# truncate test_pg_rman ;
TRUNCATE TABLE
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop 
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:35'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:41:40'
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of current database cluster as recovery target: 10
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2020-12-20 22:39:35"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:39:35" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35"
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: add recovery related options to postgresql.conf
INFO: generating recovery.signal
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:43:32.516 EST [60584] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:43:32.516 EST [60584] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:43:32.518 EST [60584] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:43:32.518 EST [60584] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:43:32.519 EST [60584] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:43:32.519 EST [60584] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:43:32.520 EST [60584] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:43:32.520 EST [60584] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:43:32.565 EST [60584] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:43:32.565 EST [60584] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:43:32.565 EST [60584] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# select * from pg_is_in_recovery();
 pg_is_in_recovery 
-------------------
 t
(1 row)
postgres=# select pg_wal_replay_resume();
 pg_wal_replay_resume 
----------------------
 
(1 row)
postgres=# select * from pg_is_in_recovery();
 pg_is_in_recovery 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR  390kB  10 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_controldata /postgresql/pgsql/data/
pg_control version number:      1201
Catalog version number:        201909212
Database system identifier:      6895281636782426835
Database cluster state:        in production
pg_control last modified:       Sun 20 Dec 2020 10:43:51 PM CST
Latest checkpoint location:      0/86000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO location:  0/86000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO WAL file:  0000000B0000000000000086
Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:    11
Latest checkpoint's PrevTimeLineID:  10
Latest checkpoint's full_page_writes: on
Latest checkpoint's NextXID:     0:7753
Latest checkpoint's NextOID:     25080
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiXactId: 1
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiOffset: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID:    479
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID's DB:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestActiveXID: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestMultiXid:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestMulti's DB: 1
Latest checkpoint's oldestCommitTsXid:0
Latest checkpoint's newestCommitTsXid:0
Time of latest checkpoint:      Sun 20 Dec 2020 10:43:51 PM CST
Fake LSN counter for unlogged rels:  0/3E8
Minimum recovery ending location:   0/0
Min recovery ending loc's timeline:  0
Backup start location:        0/0
Backup end location:         0/0
End-of-backup record required:    no
wal_level setting:          replica
wal_log_hints setting:        on
max_connections setting:       200
max_worker_processes setting:     8
max_wal_senders setting:       10
max_prepared_xacts setting:      0
max_locks_per_xact setting:      64
track_commit_timestamp setting:    off
Maximum data alignment:        8
Database block size:         8192
Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072
WAL block size:            8192
Bytes per WAL segment:        16777216
Maximum length of identifiers:    64
Maximum columns in an index:     32
Maximum size of a TOAST chunk:    1996
Size of a large-object chunk:     2048
Date/time type storage:        64-bit integers
Float4 argument passing:       by value
Float8 argument passing:       by value
Data page checksum version:      0
Mock authentication nonce:      0e803fe626d0bf49403235ba1f4f8a665eb48d4d847cb7863dcad401e65676ca
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll data/pg_wal/
total 180268
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres    42 Dec 20 22:43 00000002.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres    85 Dec 20 22:43 00000003.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   128 Dec 20 22:43 00000004.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   171 Dec 20 22:43 00000005.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   216 Dec 20 22:43 00000006.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   261 Dec 20 22:43 00000007.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   261 Dec 20 22:43 00000008.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   304 Dec 20 22:43 00000009.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   349 Dec 20 22:43 0000000A0000000000000085.00000028.backup
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   259 Dec 20 22:43 0000000A.history
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B0000000000000086
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B0000000000000087
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B0000000000000088
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B0000000000000089
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008A
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008B
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008C
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008D
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008E
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B000000000000008F
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres 16777216 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B0000000000000090
-rw-------. 1 postgres postgres   312 Dec 20 22:43 0000000B.history
drwx------. 2 postgres postgres   233 Dec 20 22:43 archive_status
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# select count(*) from test;
 count 
-------
 2000
(1 row)
test=# select count(*) from test_pg_rman ;
 count 
-------
 20000
(1 row)
test=# insert into test_pg_rman (id) select n from generate_series(20001,30000) n;
INSERT 0 10000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR  390kB  10 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:51:24" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL 6184kB  11 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR  390kB  10 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ll
total 32
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:51 archive_log
drwxrwxr-x. 2 postgres postgres  6 Nov 17 15:51 backups
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 16:43 bin
drwx------. 19 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:51 data
drwxr-xr-x. 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 include
drwxr-xr-x. 4 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 17 06:37 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 postgres postgres 4096 Dec 20 22:43 pg_log
drwxrwxr-x. 5 postgres postgres 104 Dec 20 22:39 pg_rman_backups
drwxr-xr-x. 8 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 15 16:14 share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$mv data data_origin
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
pg_ctl: directory "/postgresql/pgsql/data" does not exist
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
pg_ctl: directory "/postgresql/pgsql/data" does not exist
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$mv data_origin/ data
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:52:26.732 EST [60723] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:52:26.732 EST [60723] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:52:26.738 EST [60723] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:52:26.738 EST [60723] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:52:26.738 EST [60723] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:52:26.738 EST [60723] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:52:26.740 EST [60723] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:52:26.740 EST [60723] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:52:26.791 EST [60723] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:52:26.791 EST [60723] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:52:26.791 EST [60723] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -U postgres
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# drop database test;
DROP DATABASE
postgres=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$mv data/ data_origin
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ 
WARNING: pg_controldata file "/postgresql/pgsql/data/global/pg_control" does not exist
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of latest full backup as recovery target: 11
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:51:24" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: add recovery related options to postgresql.conf
INFO: generating recovery.signal
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 09:53:09.888 EST [60773] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 09:53:09.888 EST [60773] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 09:53:09.889 EST [60773] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:53:09.889 EST [60773] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:53:09.890 EST [60773] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:53:09.890 EST [60773] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:53:09.893 EST [60773] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:53:09.893 EST [60773] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:53:09.947 EST [60773] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:53:09.947 EST [60773] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:53:09.947 EST [60773] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \c test
You are now connected to database "test" as user "postgres".
test=# \dt
      List of relations
 Schema |   Name   | Type | Owner  
--------+--------------+-------+----------
 public | test     | table | postgres
 public | test_pg_rman | table | postgres
(2 rows)
test=# select count(*) from test_pg_Rman;
 count 
-------
 30000
(1 row)
test=# select count(*) from test;
 count 
-------
 2000
(1 row)
test=# 
test=# select * from pg_is_in_recovery();
 pg_is_in_recovery 
-------------------
 t
(1 row)
test=# select pg_wal_replay_resume();
 pg_wal_replay_resume 
----------------------
 
(1 row)
test=# select * from pg_is_in_recovery();
 pg_is_in_recovery 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/
=====================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Size  TLI Status 
=====================================================================
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL 6184kB  11 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR  390kB  10 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL 5451kB  10 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:35'
ERROR: PostgreSQL server is running
HINT: Please stop PostgreSQL server before executing restore.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:35'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:36'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:34'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:20'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24
> ^C
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24'
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -P
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -P-v
pg_rman: invalid option -- '-'
ERROR: option is not specified
HINT: Try "pg_rman --help" for more information.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -Pv
========================================
restore start
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -Pv --debug
========================================
restore start
DEBUG: the current timeline ID of database cluster is 12
ERROR: cannot do restore
DETAIL: There is no valid full backup which can be used for given recovery condition.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ details
ERROR: arguments are invalid. near "details"
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$ls
archive_log backups bin data data_origin include lib pg_log pg_rman_backups share
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_controldata /postgresql/pgsql/data/
pg_control version number:      1201
Catalog version number:        201909212
Database system identifier:      6895281636782426835
Database cluster state:        shut down
pg_control last modified:       Sun 20 Dec 2020 10:54:14 PM CST
Latest checkpoint location:      0/89000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO location:  0/89000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO WAL file:  0000000C0000000000000089
Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:    12
Latest checkpoint's PrevTimeLineID:  12
Latest checkpoint's full_page_writes: on
Latest checkpoint's NextXID:     0:7755
Latest checkpoint's NextOID:     25080
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiXactId: 1
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiOffset: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID:    479
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID's DB:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestActiveXID: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestMultiXid:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestMulti's DB: 1
Latest checkpoint's oldestCommitTsXid:0
Latest checkpoint's newestCommitTsXid:0
Time of latest checkpoint:      Sun 20 Dec 2020 10:54:14 PM CST
Fake LSN counter for unlogged rels:  0/3E8
Minimum recovery ending location:   0/0
Min recovery ending loc's timeline:  0
Backup start location:        0/0
Backup end location:         0/0
End-of-backup record required:    no
wal_level setting:          replica
wal_log_hints setting:        on
max_connections setting:       200
max_worker_processes setting:     8
max_wal_senders setting:       10
max_prepared_xacts setting:      0
max_locks_per_xact setting:      64
track_commit_timestamp setting:    off
Maximum data alignment:        8
Database block size:         8192
Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072
WAL block size:            8192
Bytes per WAL segment:        16777216
Maximum length of identifiers:    64
Maximum columns in an index:     32
Maximum size of a TOAST chunk:    1996
Size of a large-object chunk:     2048
Date/time type storage:        64-bit integers
Float4 argument passing:       by value
Float8 argument passing:       by value
Data page checksum version:      0
Mock authentication nonce:      0e803fe626d0bf49403235ba1f4f8a665eb48d4d847cb7863dcad401e65676ca
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
ERROR: could not connect to database postgres: could not connect to server: No such file or directory
	Is the server running locally and accepting
	connections on Unix domain socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432""0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:56:02.613 EST [60839] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:56:02.613 EST [60839] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 09:56:02.613 EST [60839] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 09:56:02.615 EST [60839] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 09:56:02.615 EST [60839] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 09:56:02.664 EST [60839] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 09:56:02.664 EST [60839] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 09:56:02.664 EST [60839] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/data/ --recovery-target-time='2020-11-18 00:10:49' -A /postgresql/pgsql/archive_log/ -S /postgresql/pgsql/pg_log/
ERROR: could not open file "/postgresql/pgsql/data//pg_rman.ini": No such file or directory
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 DONE
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anyway
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 10:01:14.923 EST [60948] FATAL: F0001: lock file "postmaster.pid" already exists
2020-12-20 10:01:14.923 EST [60948] HINT: Is another postmaster (PID 60839) running in data directory "/postgresql/pgsql/data""help" for help.
test=# create table test2 (like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# \d test2
             Table "public.test2"
 Column |      Type       | Collation | Nullable | Default 
----------+-----------------------------+-----------+----------+---------
 id    | integer           |      |     | 
 crt_time | timestamp without time zone |      |     | 
test=# insert into test2 (id ) select n from generate_series(1,1000000) n;
INSERT 0 1000000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=incremental -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
ERROR: cannot take an incremental backup
DETAIL: There is no validated full backup with current timeline.
HINT: Please take a full backup and validate it before doing an incremental backup. Or use with --full-backup-on-error command line option.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:56:05" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" is valid
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:02:07" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl stop 
waiting for server to shut down.... done
server stopped
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -Pv --debug
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:39:24' -Pv 
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman restore -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ --recovery-target-time='2020-12-20 22:56:05'
INFO: the recovery target timeline ID is not given
INFO: use timeline ID of current database cluster as recovery target: 12
INFO: calculating timeline branches to be used to recovery target point
INFO: searching latest full backup which can be used as restore start point
INFO: found the full backup can be used as base in recovery: "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: copying online WAL files and server log files
INFO: clearing restore destination
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 22:51:24" backup and archive log files by SIZE
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" is valid
INFO: restoring database files from the full mode backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: searching incremental backup to be restored
INFO: searching backup which contained archived WAL files to be restored
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24"
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05"
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" is valid
INFO: restoring WAL files from backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07"
INFO: restoring online WAL files and server log files
INFO: add recovery related options to postgresql.conf
INFO: generating recovery.signal
INFO: restore complete
HINT: Recovery will start automatically when the PostgreSQL server is started.
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_ctl start
waiting for server to start....2020-12-20 10:03:39.933 EST [61032] LOG: 00000: starting PostgreSQL 12.3 on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (GCC) 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44), 64-bit
2020-12-20 10:03:39.933 EST [61032] LOCATION: PostmasterMain, postmaster.c:998
2020-12-20 10:03:39.935 EST [61032] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2020-12-20 10:03:39.935 EST [61032] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 10:03:39.936 EST [61032] LOG: 00000: listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2020-12-20 10:03:39.936 EST [61032] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:593
2020-12-20 10:03:39.941 EST [61032] LOG: 00000: listening on Unix socket "/tmp/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2020-12-20 10:03:39.941 EST [61032] LOCATION: StreamServerPort, pqcomm.c:587
2020-12-20 10:03:39.982 EST [61032] LOG: 00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process
2020-12-20 10:03:39.982 EST [61032] HINT: Future log output will appear in directory "/postgresql/pgsql/pg_log".
2020-12-20 10:03:39.982 EST [61032] LOCATION: SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:675
 done
server started
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# \dt
      List of relations
 Schema |   Name   | Type | Owner  
--------+--------------+-------+----------
 public | test     | table | postgres
 public | test_pg_rman | table | postgres
(2 rows)
test=# select pg_wal_replay_resume();
 pg_wal_replay_resume 
----------------------
 
(1 row)
test=# 
test=# select * from pg_is_in_recovery();
 pg_is_in_recovery 
-------------------
 f
(1 row)
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_controldata /postgresql/pgsql/data/
pg_control version number:      1201
Catalog version number:        201909212
Database system identifier:      6895281636782426835
Database cluster state:        in production
pg_control last modified:       Sun 20 Dec 2020 11:03:50 PM CST
Latest checkpoint location:      0/8B000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO location:  0/8B000028
Latest checkpoint's REDO WAL file:  0000000D000000000000008B
Latest checkpoint's TimeLineID:    13
Latest checkpoint's PrevTimeLineID:  12
Latest checkpoint's full_page_writes: on
Latest checkpoint's NextXID:     0:7755
Latest checkpoint's NextOID:     25080
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiXactId: 1
Latest checkpoint's NextMultiOffset: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID:    479
Latest checkpoint's oldestXID's DB:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestActiveXID: 0
Latest checkpoint's oldestMultiXid:  1
Latest checkpoint's oldestMulti's DB: 1
Latest checkpoint's oldestCommitTsXid:0
Latest checkpoint's newestCommitTsXid:0
Time of latest checkpoint:      Sun 20 Dec 2020 11:03:50 PM CST
Fake LSN counter for unlogged rels:  0/3E8
Minimum recovery ending location:   0/0
Min recovery ending loc's timeline:  0
Backup start location:        0/0
Backup end location:         0/0
End-of-backup record required:    no
wal_level setting:          replica
wal_log_hints setting:        on
max_connections setting:       200
max_worker_processes setting:     8
max_wal_senders setting:       10
max_prepared_xacts setting:      0
max_locks_per_xact setting:      64
track_commit_timestamp setting:    off
Maximum data alignment:        8
Database block size:         8192
Blocks per segment of large relation: 131072
WAL block size:            8192
Bytes per WAL segment:        16777216
Maximum length of identifiers:    64
Maximum columns in an index:     32
Maximum size of a TOAST chunk:    1996
Size of a large-object chunk:     2048
Date/time type storage:        64-bit integers
Float4 argument passing:       by value
Float8 argument passing:       by value
Data page checksum version:      0
Mock authentication nonce:      0e803fe626d0bf49403235ba1f4f8a665eb48d4d847cb7863dcad401e65676ca
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 DONE
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:04:19" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# \dt
      List of relations
 Schema |   Name   | Type | Owner  
--------+--------------+-------+----------
 public | test     | table | postgres
 public | test_pg_rman | table | postgres
(2 rows)
test=# create table test2(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test2 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup -bi -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:06:51" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test34(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# create table test3(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test3 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken into account
DETAIL: This is not a valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:08:23" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:08:23" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:08:23 2020-12-20 23:08:25 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5495kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# creat table test4(like test);
ERROR: syntax error at or near "creat"
LINE 1: creat table test4(like test);
    ^
test=# create table test4(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test4 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# 
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:08:23" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:09:48" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:09:48" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:09:48 2020-12-20 23:09:50 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5507kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:08:23 2020-12-20 23:08:25 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5495kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test5(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test5 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup --backup-mode=full -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:09:48" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:08:23" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 3rd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:10:12" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:10:12" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:10:12 2020-12-20 23:10:14 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5520kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:09:48 2020-12-20 23:09:50 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5507kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:08:23 2020-12-20 23:08:25 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5495kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test5(like test);
ERROR: relation "test5" already exists
test=# create table test6(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test6 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup -bi -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:10:12" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:09:48" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:08:23" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:12:23" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:12:23" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:12:23 2020-12-20 23:12:25 INCR 2621kB  33MB  ----  140kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:10:12 2020-12-20 23:10:14 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5520kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:09:48 2020-12-20 23:09:50 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5507kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:08:23 2020-12-20 23:08:25 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5495kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:02:07 2020-12-20 23:02:13 FULL  82MB  301MB  ----  23MB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 23:01:58 2020-12-20 23:01:58 INCR   0B  ----  ----   0B    true   12     11 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:56:05 2020-12-20 22:56:09 FULL  45MB  201MB  ---- 6251kB    true   12     11 OK
2020-12-20 22:55:57 2020-12-20 22:55:57 FULL  ----  ----  ----   0B    true    0     0 ERROR
2020-12-20 22:51:24 2020-12-20 22:51:27 FULL  45MB  117MB  ---- 6184kB    true   11     10 OK
2020-12-20 22:41:40 2020-12-20 22:41:43 INCR 1237kB  33MB  ----  390kB    true   10     0 OK
2020-12-20 22:39:35 2020-12-20 22:39:37 FULL  44MB  33MB  ---- 5451kB    true   10     0 OK
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$psql -d test
psql (12.3)
Type "help" for help.
test=# create table test7(like test);
CREATE TABLE
test=# insert into test7 select * from test;
INSERT 0 2000
test=# \q
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman backup -bf -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: copying database files
INFO: copying archived WAL files
INFO: backup complete
INFO: Please execute 'pg_rman validate' to verify the files are correctly copied.
INFO: start deleting old archived WAL files from ARCLOG_PATH (keep days = 10)
INFO: the threshold timestamp calculated by keep days is "2020-12-10 00:00:00"
INFO: start deleting old backup (keep generations = 3 AND keep after = 2020-10-21 00:00:00)
INFO: does not include the backup just taken
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:12:23" should be kept
DETAIL: This belongs to the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:10:12" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 1st latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:09:48" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 2nd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:08:23" should be kept
DETAIL: This is the 3rd latest full backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:06:51" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:04:19" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:02:07" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 23:01:58" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:56:05" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
WARNING: backup "2020-12-20 22:55:57" is not taken int account
DETAIL: This is not valid backup.
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:51:24" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:41:40" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 22:39:35" should be kept
DETAIL: This is taken after "2020-10-21 00:00:00".
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman validate -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups
INFO: validate: "2020-12-20 23:12:47" backup and archive log files by CRC
INFO: backup "2020-12-20 23:12:47" is valid
[postgres@node_206 /postgresql/pgsql]$pg_rman show -B /postgresql/pgsql/pg_rman_backups/ detail
======================================================================================================================
 StartTime      EndTime       Mode  Data ArcLog SrvLog  Total Compressed CurTLI ParentTLI Status 
======================================================================================================================
2020-12-20 23:12:47 2020-12-20 23:12:50 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5546kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:12:23 2020-12-20 23:12:25 INCR 2621kB  33MB  ----  140kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:10:12 2020-12-20 23:10:14 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5520kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:09:48 2020-12-20 23:09:50 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5507kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:08:23 2020-12-20 23:08:25 FULL  46MB  33MB  ---- 5495kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:06:51 2020-12-20 23:06:53 INCR 2465kB  33MB  ----  112kB    true   13     12 OK
2020-12-20 23:04:19 2020-12-20 23:04:25 FULL  45MB  352MB  ----  19MB    true   13     12 OK

KEEP_DATA_GENERATIONS=2
KEEP_DATA_DAYS=14
KEEP_ARCLOG_DAYS=15
KEEP_SRVLOG_DAYS=180

rm -f /etc/localtime
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime