PHP对象相关知识总结
(编辑：jimmy 日期: 2025/10/26 浏览：3 次 )
对象传递：一种说法是“PHP对象是通过引用传递的”，更准确的说法是别名(标识符)传递，即它们都保存着同一个标识符(ID)的拷贝，这个标识符指向同一个对象的真正内容。
<"\n";//2
$c = new A;
$d = &$c; // $c ,$d是引用
// ($c,$d) = <id>
$d->foo = 2;
echo $c->foo."\n";//2
$e = new A;
function foo($obj) {
// ($obj) = ($e) = <id>
$obj->foo = 2;
}
foo($e);
echo $e->foo."\n";//2
"htmlcode">
<"Original Object:\n");
print_r($obj);
print("Cloned Object:\n");
print_r($obj2);
echo $obj2->cloneTest().":\n";
echo (new Reflectionclass($obj2));
上例输出结果：
Original Object:
MyCloneable Object
(
[object1] => SubObject Object
(
[instance] => 1
)
[object2] => SubObject Object
(
[instance] => 2
)
)
Cloned Object:
MyCloneable Object
(
[object1] => SubObject Object
(
[instance] => 3
)
[object2] => SubObject Object
(
[instance] => 2
)
)
cloneTest:
Class [ <user> class MyCloneable ] {
@@ /public/t.php 18-33
- Constants [0] {
}
- Static properties [0] {
}
- Static methods [0] {
}
- Properties [2] {
Property [ <default> public $object1 ]
Property [ <default> public $object2 ]
}
- Methods [2] {
Method [ <user> public method __clone ] {
@@ /public/t.php 23 - 27
}
Method [ <user> public method cloneTest ] {
@@ /public/t.php 29 - 32
}
}
}
"htmlcode">
class Foo
{
public static $my_static = 'foo';
public function staticValue() {
return self::$my_static;
}
}
class Bar extends Foo
{
public function fooStatic() {
return parent::$my_static;
}
}
print Foo::$my_static . "\n";
$foo = new Foo();
print $foo->staticValue() . "\n";
print $foo->my_static . "\n"; // Undefined "Property" my_static
print $foo::$my_static . "\n";
$classname = 'Foo';
print $classname::$my_static . "\n"; // As of PHP 5.3.0
print Bar::$my_static . "\n";
$bar = new Bar();
print $bar->fooStatic() . "\n";
"htmlcode">
<"private of A";
protected $proProtected = "protected of A";
public $proPublic = "public of A";
private function foo()
{
echo $this->proPrivate."\n";
echo $this->proProtected."\n";
echo $this->proPublic."\n";
}
public function test()
{
$this->foo();
static::foo();
}
}
class B extends A
{
/* foo() will be copied to B, hence its scope will still be A and
* the call be successful */
}
class C extends A
{
private $proPrivate = "private of C";
protected $proProtected = "protected of C";
public $proPublic = "public of C";
private function foo()
{
/* original method is replaced; the scope of the new one is C */
echo "I am C\n";
}
public function myFoo()
{
//parent::foo();
$this->foo();
}
}
echo "Class B:\n";
$b = new B();
$b->test();
echo "\nClass C:\n";
$c = new C();
$c->myFoo();
$c->test(); //fails
上例输出结果：
Class B:
private of A
protected of A
public of A
private of A
protected of A
public of A
Class C:
I am C
private of A
protected of C
public of C
Fatal error: Uncaught Error: Call to private method C::foo() from context 'A' in /public/t.php:19 Stack trace: #0 /public/t.php(54): A->test() #1 {main} thrown in /public/t.php on line 19
•继承：官方文档对继承有这样一段描述“当扩展一个类，子类就会继承父类所有公有的和受保护的方法。除非子类覆盖了父类的方法，被继承的方法都会保留其原有功能”，言下之意似乎私有属性和方法不会被继承；然而上例又告诉我们子类拥有与父类一致的属性和方法，继承就是全盘复制，这才能满足我们对继承编程的需求，如果私有的不能继承，子类就必须自行重新定义，在大多数时候没有必要。另外就是可见性问题，父类的私有属性和方法在子类是不可见的。上例还告诉我们对象实际执行的域要考虑可见性、继承、后期静态绑定机制。
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